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Like the Cliff Swallow, Cave Swallows build in close proximity to each other and, as the name implies, in caves. However, unlike Cliff Swallows, this species does not “stack” its nests on top of others: this likely comes from the open structure of the nest. Cave Swallows line their mud nests, built on sites with open approaches, with cotton-like plant fibers, thin strips of bark, fine grasses and feathers”. The Cave Swallow can be told from all swallows except the Cliff Swallow by its pale rump. Cave Swallow has a darker forehead and a paler throat than the Cliff Swallow. The Cave Swallow’s tail is more squared at the tip than most other swallows.
Originally restricted to open country in the vicinity of limestone caves and sinkholes; the Cave Swallow has adapted its nesting habits to artificial structures such as culverts and bridges in the northern part of its range where water and mud are available. Breeds from Carlsbad Caverns in southeastern New Mexico and from western and south-central Texas south through Mexico. Winter range is unknown.
Cave Swallow Range Map
Cave Swallows form colonies and tend to build its mud nests in isolated crevices and pockets, or under overhanging ledges. This species will reuse nest year after year and will sometimes share the same nest site with Barn Swallows. The Cave Swallow feeds exclusively on insects.
